n the place of the later defensive tower, there was already a settlement in the 6th century, which gave rise to the later Chełm. Probably in the second half of the 13th century, within the settlement, Duke George I erected a brick tower on a plan close to a square with a side of 12 meters. It had walls over one and a half meters thick, probably had five storeys and was topped with a tented roof. The lowest storey probably served as a kitchen and pantry, during the research a large amount of ceramics
Aerial photo, photo by ZeroJeden, V 2023
and animal bones were found here. There was a small cellar by the western wall, its purpose is not entirely certain - it could have been a treasury or a water storage in case of the need to defend the tower against an assault. This lowest storey, 3 meters high, had no windows. The second and third storeys - just over 3 meters high - had narrow windows adapted for defense. The fourth storey was representative in character, it was the only one with a cross-ribbed vault. At its height, a porch ran outside, and the only entrance to the tower led to this floor, leading up a small staircase or a ladder from the west side. The windows on the fourth floor were large and richly decorated, and the vault was finished with green stone. The fifth floor was intended exclusively for defense. When the need for defense arose, the stairs and ladders were destroyed, and the porch served as a .
The tower was probably accompanied by auxiliary wooden farm buildings, but no additional defensive elements in the form of moats or ramparts were found during the research.
There are no
Plan of the castle according to the 'Catalogue of Art Monuments in Poland'
records that would help determine when the tower was abandoned, research shows that it happened already in the 14th century. Until World War II, the northern wall, almost in its full height, and fragments of the eastern and western walls still existed. However, the ruins were destroyed during warfare. In the 1990s, protective works were carried out, during which the remaining remains of the walls were built from the found rubble to a height of 2 meters.
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the place of the later defensive tower, there was already a settlement in the 6th century, which gave rise to the later Chełm. Probably in the second half of the 13th century, within the settlement, Duke George I erected a brick tower on a plan close to a square with a side of 12 meters. It had walls over one and a half meters thick, probably had five storeys and was topped with a tented roof. The lowest storey probably served as a kitchen and pantry, during the research a large amount of ceramics 
